Spain's Climate Change Risks and Impacts Assessment (ERICC-2025) presents the first nationwide evaluation of climate-related threats across 14 key sectors. The report highlights the increasing frequency and intensity of extreme events such as heatwaves, droughts, floods and wildfires, many of which already exceed historical records. It identifies 141 relevant risks, 51 of which are classified as key and often interconnected, revealing strong cascading effects across ecosystems, infrastructure and socioeconomic systems. Water resources, natural heritage and forestry emerge as major drivers of systemic risk. The report stresses that most key risks require immediate or near-term action, particularly in health, water, biodiversity, urban environments and security. Many impacts show low or no reversibility, including biodiversity loss, coastal land loss and ecosystem degradation. Despite some knowledge gaps, current evidence is sufficient to guide urgent adaptation policies for the 20262030 planning cycle.